catalytic activity:ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. , disease:Defects in MAP2K1 are a cause of cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (CFC syndrome) [MIM:115150], also known as cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome. CFC syndrome is characterized by a distinctive facial appearance, heart defects and mental retardation. Heart defects include pulmonic stenosis, atrial septal defects and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Some affected individuals present with ectodermal abnormalities such as sparse, friable hair, hyperkeratotic skin lesions and a generalized ichthyosis-like condition. Typical facial features are similar to Noonan syndrome. They include high forehead with bitemporal constriction, hypoplastic supraorbital ridges, downslanting palpebral fissures, a depressed nasal bridge, and posteriorly angulated ears with prominent helices. The inheritance of CFC syndrome is autosomal dominant. , enzyme regulation:Activated by phosphorylation. , function:Catalyzes the concomitant phosphorylation of a threonine and a tyrosine residue in a Thr-Glu-Tyr sequence located in MAP kinases. Activates ERK1 and ERK2 MAP kinases. , PTM:Acetylation by Yersinia yopJ prevents phosphorylation and activation, thus blocking the MAPK signaling pathway. , PTM:Phosphorylation on Ser/Thr by MAP kinase kinase kinases (RAF or MEKK1) regulates positively the kinase activity. , similarity:Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. , similarity:Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase kinase subfamily. , similarity:Contains 1 protein kinase domain. , subunit:Interacts with MORG1 (By similarity) . Interacts with Yersinia yopJ. ,